This study has an objective to examine and compare the characteristics of each text genre in Japanese-Korean translation. In order to draw the characteristics of each genre in Japanese-Korean translation especially in this study, translation aspects ...
This study has an objective to examine and compare the characteristics of each text genre in Japanese-Korean translation. In order to draw the characteristics of each genre in Japanese-Korean translation especially in this study, translation aspects of SSCCS(Same Shaped Chinese Character of Synonym) which have the same forms and similar meanings were analyzed in lexical level and translation aspects of conjunction were analyzed in textual level .
In this study, two genres were examined; one is a novel and the other is a management essay and the former is affiliated with literature translation and the latter is with practical translation. In this study, two novels and two management essays were analyzed.
Here, SSCCS(Same Shaped Chinese Character of Synonym) means ‘Japanese Chinese words whose forms are identical in Japanese and Korean languages and have similar meanings like the words of ‘uneasiness’, ‘life’, ‘printing’, ‘charm’ (‘不安’, ‘生活’, ‘印刷’, ‘魅力’).
Study results of examining the translation types of SSCCS after extracting same shaped Sino-Japanese words with synonym for Korean words from ST could be classified as 4 types, which are corresponding translation as the identical form, 2) partial change of forms, 3) substitution translation into different forms, 4) omission. Further study was executed whether there are differences of such translation types in each genre.
Regarding conjunction and in functional aspect which is referred as conjunctive relation establishment, regulations of Kazuhiko Suzuki (1997) and those of Shigeyuki Suzuki (1982) were tried to be followed in Japanese conjunction category and regulations of Lee Un Hee(2000) were tried to be followed in Korean conjunction.
Meanwhile, even though conjunctive units that such conjunctions are embodied are diverse which include word, passage, sentence and sentences, paragraph and paragraphs, only the conjunctive relations which are higher than the sentences were treated as discussion subjects with the aspect that just a single text which is referred as translation was examined in this study and how Japanese conjunctions were translated in Korean translation texts was analyzed or whether the conjunctions were added which didn’t exist in ST in Korean translation. Analysis results can be classified as the following 7 types.
① conjunction → conjunction
② conjunction → transformed into other parts of speech which show the continuity of the front and back sentences including the reference
③ conjunctive postposition → conjunction
④ conjunction → connection postposition or connection word ending
⑤ omission of conjunction
⑥ conjunction→transformed into other parts of speech which don’t show the continuity of the front and back sentences
⑦ addition of conjunction
In case that conjunction translation types are classified again as the cohesive aspects, ①, ②, ③, ④ could be classified as maintaining the cohesion, ⑤, ⑥ could be classified as omission of cohesion and ⑦ could be classified as addition of cohesion.
Analysis results of the data which were obtained according to the above methods and at the time when SSCCS(Same Formed Chinese Character of Synonym) in all texts of 4 pieces in this study were translated, the percentage was the highest when they were translated into identical types of corresponding translation, second highest percentage was when they were translated into substitution translation to different forms. Following highest percentage was the translation into partial changes followed next and the final was omission of translation.
Like this, considering the results that SSCCS(Same Shaped Chinese Character of Synonym) of Japanese language ST is translated into Sino-Korean word and there is almost no omission, translation tendency which is to faithfully translate for ST could be seen and this shows the same tendency in each genre.
Additionally, as partial change which is number 2 translation type also means not much different from the type of Sino-Korean words of ST, the combined percentage of number 1 translation type and number 2 type translation shows 75.24% in management essay and 75.37% in novel; this shows there is no big genre difference in SSCCS(Same Formed Chinese Character of Synonym) translation.
Meanwhile, regarding the conjunction, the percentage that all conjunctions are translated into conjunctions is over 50% which was the highest and the next was the omission of conjunction. This was the phenomena that commonly occurred in all reaming 3 texts except ‘God of business’.
This was the same in translation of each genre and the case that conjunctions were translated as conjunctions had the highest percentage and the next case was that conjunctions were omitted. Especially in novel genre, translation percentage that conjunctions were translated into conjunctions was up to 84.885%, omission percentage was 6.245% and addition of conjunction was just 5.37%; this shows novel translation is faithfully translated according to the original.
On the other hand, in management essay, translation percentage that conjunctions were translated into conjunctions was just 59.49%, omission of conjunctions was 14.815%, addition of conjunction was 8.795% and changes to other parts of speech were 11.11%; this shows diverse aspects in management essay compared with the translation of conjunction in novel translation. Especially, there was much omission of conjunction in management essay compared with the novel translation.
Analysis results that such conjunction translation types were analyzed again as the cohesive aspects showed ‘maintaining the cohesion’ had the highest average of 81.955%, ‘omission of cohesion’ had next highest average of 10.965% and addition of cohesion was 7.08%; this could be identified that conjunctions were faithfully translated according to the original.
On the hand, from the aspects of each genre, management essay showed higher omission and addition percentages compared with those of novel genre and combined percentage was 23.61% in management essay and 12.48% in novel translation. To sum up the conjunction translation forms analysis results, the translators’ degree of freedom in conjunction translation was higher in management essay, compared with that of novel translation.
Like this, after summing up the study results of lexical level which is referred as SSCCS(Same Shaped Chinese Character of Synonym) and the textual level which is referred as conjunction, the translation tendency could be identified which tries to reenact ST characteristics as they are in TT, regardless of genres.
However, in the textual level which was examined through the translation of conjunctions, some differences could be seen between novel genre and management essay genre. Considering these differences, the fact that translator’s degree of freedom is higher in management essay rather than in novel could be inferred.
But the above analysis results were just based on the total of 4 translated books of two genres and therefore, analysis subjects should be expanded in order to get more objective data. In addition, in order to identify whether the translated books’ characteristics are those only of translated books or whether they follow genre regulations of original texts, it should be studied through the comparable corpus analysis with Korean original texts.