■ Usually the role of a nation’s military can be divided into many categories by the nation’s conflicts of its time, but a military’s roles can be broadly divided into its military and social roles. The military role of the military is its primary rol ...
■ Usually the role of a nation’s military can be divided into many categories by the nation’s conflicts of its time, but a military’s roles can be broadly divided into its military and social roles. The military role of the military is its primary role. On the other hand, the social role of the military has little relation with the direct reason for a military to exist, which is to uphold homeland security and to protect its nation’s citizens and property. Therefore, regardless of the nation, the social role of a nation’s military is a secondary role in comparison.
■ In 2011, after the death of Kim Jong-il, continuing into the Kim Jong-un era, North Korea is still in pursuit of increasing its military power. On the one hand, the North Korean military plays a crucial role in building its nation’s economy etc. However, there is little knowledge regarding the specifics of the North Korean military’s social role broken down by time period. At this time, from an academic and political policy point of view, it is of utmost importance to comprehensively scrutinize and analyze the North Korean military’s social role.
■ Because it is difficult to obtain local data and gather meaningful intel from North Korea, this study has reviewed all the data that could be gathered from the creation date of the North Korean military to the present date. The North Korean leading party’s 『Rodong Newspaper』 has been instrumental in analyzing the historical social role of the North Korean military. In addition, interviews with defectors of North Korea have provided valuable insights into the current role of the North Korean military.
■ Because this study covers a broad period of time, from the year 1948 to 2012, it designates the period from 1948 to the Workers' Party of Korea’s 6th Congress in 1980 as the <First Period>. The <Second Period> is from the years 1981 to 2012. Looking into the research of the <First Period>, this period shows North Korea experiencing an age of nation building, the Korean War, postwar recovery, ‘Byungjin Nosun’, which mandated the “parallel development of nuclear weapons and the economy” and the ‘One Dictator Ruling Party System’. The North Korean military fulfilled its social role through cooperating with the North Korean civilian population in both the agricultural and construction areas. However, once the policy to simultaneously develop the economy and national defense capabilities was mandated, the North Korean military once again heavily fulfilled its primary military defense role. Looking into the research of the <Second Period>, the North Korean military, in additional to its primary military role, was deployed to help at construction sites etc. in the 1980’s. Then in the plight of North Korea’s ‘Arduous March’ in the 1990’s, the military mainly focused on helping out in agricultural areas. According to historical data from North Korea, the role of the North Korean military in the post 2000 years, compared to those of the past, is heavily noticeable in a variety of areas including construction, agriculture, mining, and everyday community service etc. This exemplary role of the North Korean Army emphasizes the role that a nation’s military can fulfill.