We live in a very small world, in which all is closely connected by cell phones, Facebooks, or the internet. In this small and complicated world, the purpose of contemporary science is to find simplicity and order among the complex. Everything looks v ...
We live in a very small world, in which all is closely connected by cell phones, Facebooks, or the internet. In this small and complicated world, the purpose of contemporary science is to find simplicity and order among the complex. Everything looks very random and disorderly in this world, but everything is absolutely and systematically connected to everything else. When we study closely to see how everything is structured and connected, the total is not the sum of the parts. When the total makes a different result from the sum of the parts, scientists call the result as 'emergence'.
The purpose of this paper is to study this very recent scientific theory, which is called the 'complex theory', and to read one of DeLillo's novels, Cosmopolis, applying this theory.
In Cosmopolis, DeLillo gives us an example of a contemporary person, Eric Packer, who lives inside of his own boundaries. In this novel, he stays in his limousine all day long, but he can see the outside world through the various computer monitors installed in his car. By doing this, he wants to feel connected with other people, and it seems that he is connected with the whole world. He can control and predict the world economy by calculating the complexity among very complicated components. He does not miss one small fragment of the whole system because he knows that a small change can bring about a big result. Unfortunately, what he does not know is that he himself is one fragment of the system and one part of the whole world. This small missing element is the key which will point a gun at him and finally kill him.
DeLillo accepts that we should now live in a world which makes each person become a fragment of the whole system. However, he wants to point out that in this complex world, the human is one of the most important components, as well as nature. Contemporary society focuses on the 'emergence' from the whole of the parts, not each fragment. But one of the smallest fragments, especially when it is a human, could cause a huge effect, similar to the butterfly effect.
The value of a human has been gradually forgotten in this technical society, so DeLillo declares that this forgotten being can become the most important cause of a big effect in the future.