My main study in this project is on doing a close reading of some poems that include a gyre image in them, so that I can determine how a certain gyre image plays a role in each of the poems. This study also tries to emphasize the origin of gyres ...
My main study in this project is on doing a close reading of some poems that include a gyre image in them, so that I can determine how a certain gyre image plays a role in each of the poems. This study also tries to emphasize the origin of gyres in Yeats's sacred book, A Vision, both literary and philosophical. Basically, the fundamental conceptions of Yeats's symbol are based on the cycles and antinomies of correspondences and geometrical symbolism. The perpetual conflicts between the supernatural and the natural are common in the history of philosophy and religion. The origin can find traces of them not only in the systems of Heraclitus and Pythagoras in Platonism and neo-Platonism from antiquity but also in Brahman mysticism, in medieval alchemy. Similarly, the fundamental conceptions of his myth are permanent expressions of the human imagination, because of their impressive universality in the human life.
The geometrical image on which Yeats concentrates is that of a gyre or whirling cone or spiral. Yeats speaks of his symbolic images as two interpenetratig gyres, - self-generating, whirling around inside of each other, revolving in opposite directions. These gyres provide Yeats with an excellent chance to define through a single image all of the conflicting antinomies. These antinomies, which can be distinguished from mere negatives, are halves of every gyre. They are in perpetual conflict even though they embody each other. The gyres perpetually move and revolve; that while perpetually moving, they revolve in opposite directions, and that, while alternately expanding and contracting, they alternately wind and unwind each other. These interpenetrating gyres are not only primary and antithetical, but they are also solar and lunar, spirit and body, and male and female.
This paper read some of the poems of my choice carefully, paying attention to their form and to how it helps create a poetic truth in the poem in question. As the two scholars Michael Wood and Young Suck Rhee do in their study of a single poem, "Nineteen Hundred and Nineteen," I do the close reading of the four poems, with the whole form in mind focusing on the gyre imagery: "The Gyres," "Sailing to Byzantium," "Byzantium," and "Meru." In doing so, we will be able to grasp a poetic structure of the gyre based on how it is poeticized in the poetry of W. B. Yeats. The new understanding of the gyre will be different from the theories offered by other scholars. In fact, the thesis of this paper is that a poem comes before a theory. That is why we should heed the poem itself, mainly because Yeats was a poet, not a philosopher, although in his A Vision he sometimes sounds like a philosopher mystic.