The research, targeting gramophone records released between 1910s and late 1960s, comprehends the overview of Namdo music(Music of southern provinces) recorded by the master singers of Gyeongseodo music(Music of Gyeonggi and western provinces), observ ...
The research, targeting gramophone records released between 1910s and late 1960s, comprehends the overview of Namdo music(Music of southern provinces) recorded by the master singers of Gyeongseodo music(Music of Gyeonggi and western provinces), observes the aspects of acceptance and musical characteristics, and through those information observe the musical culture and cultural assimilation of the master singers of Gyeongseodo music.
The research methods are as follows. First, we went through the lists of the gramophone records to find the singers who recorded Gyeonggido music and Seodo music, and through cross-referencing, have found singers who recorded both music, Second, we went through the gramophone record list to classify Namdo music albums in which the Gyeongseodo singers participated, and have researched on how those singers have accepted other genres of music. Third, among the lists we have examined, we have heard the existing records and analysed the musical elements of the music in order to characterize each work. Last, based on those results we have observed the musical assimilation of Gyeongseodo singers with Namdo music.
The results of Gyeongseodo singers' acceptance of Namdo music are as follows.
First, the singers who recorded both Gyeonggido and Seodo music gramophone albums were 72. Women were mainly from Gisaeng call-offices, while men were attached to singer groups. Among those 72 singers, those who also recorded Namdo music were eight(Ok-yeop Kim, Young-su Moon, Wol-jung Park, Choon-jae Park, Woon-sun Baek, Myeong-ok Im, and Myeong-wol Im), and between the singers Wol-jung Park recorded the most number of Namdo music.
Second, the Namdo music that Gyeongseodo singers recorded are min-yo and jap-ga(folk songs), dan-ga(short songs for practice), and traditional pansori, while Changgeuks(traditional opera music originating from pansori) and newly created pansoris also existed. Except for changgeuks and newly created pansoris, traditional pansoris were the genre the Gyeongseodo singers recorded the most, followed by jap-ga and min-yo. The existing works of Namdo jap-gas were Choon-jae Park, Wol-jung Park, and Myeong-ok Im's, and of pansoris Myeong-ok Im, Myeong-wol Im, Choon-jae Park, and Young-su Moon's.
Third, among the jap-gas, <Yukjabaegi>, <Jajin-yukjabaegi>·<Heung-Taryeong> were composed with Yukjabaegitori, a musical grammar form of Namdo region, while <Seongju-pulyi> was composed with Namdogyeongtori, the musical grammar form of the mixture of Gyeonggido and Namdo region. Observing the rhythmic sturucture, <Yukjabaegi> fits into Jinyangjo-jangdan with six beats and three small beats, <Jajin-yukjabaegi> fits into Semachi-jangdan, while <Seongju-pulyi> fits into Gutgeori-jangdan with four beats and three small beats. Among <Choonhyang-ga>, ‘Goonno-Saryong’ consisted of Gyemyeon-jo, Gyeong-durum, Joongmori and Joong-joong mori. Especially, in Aniri, it was in the form of Mandam(comic talk) and Jaedam(pun) between Myeong-ok Im, and Myeong-wol Im, which is unusual in the normal method of pansori.
Fourth, Namdo music recorded on gramophone album by Gyeongseodo singers accepted Namdo music as itself but underwent modifications in performance methods to diversify the musicla culture of Gyeonggido region..
There are many Namdo music albums which the Gyeongseodo singers have recorded, but the lack of albums' existence poses difficulty on the research. So, in order to replenish the data and actualize the result of the research, analysis on the musical pieces after their discovery must take place.