The purpose of this study is to better understand the meaning of the complex problem solving, which has recently been highlighted as a core competence of future society. In order to achieve the research objectives, prior study in various fields such a ...
The purpose of this study is to better understand the meaning of the complex problem solving, which has recently been highlighted as a core competence of future society. In order to achieve the research objectives, prior study in various fields such as medical education, management, cognitive science, psychology, and education were analyzed to identify the meaning of 'complex' and the type and level of 'complex problem situations'. Types of complex problem situations include algorithmic problems, story problems, rule using induction problems, decision-making problems, troubleshooting problems, diagnostics They were taken as diagnosis-solution problems, strategic performance problems, policy analysis problems, design problems, and dilemma problems. The level of complexity is completely categorized as completely clockwork, somewhat clockwork, somewhat complex, and completely complex. Factors that affect the complexity of the problem situation are as follows: First, the type of problem situation (design, dilemma, etc.), Second, the number of elements presented in the problem situation, Third, the number of interactions (relations) between the elements presented in the problem context, Fourth, the number of pieces of information needed to solve the problem. Fifth, the pressure of time as a result of problem resolution (with or without time limit), Sixth, the sociocultural environment where the problem is implicitly assumed, Seventh, familiarity was derived from the perspective of the problem-solving person (student) of the constructed context. This is expected to give implications when science teachers come up with real-world-based complex problem situations such as STEAM, SSI and STS.