In the Indian soil, where the tradition of Shramanism remained strong, any sect of Buddhism could not escape the influence of the renouncing and asceticism, the core of Shramanism. Nevertheless, since early Buddhism, Buddhism has not underestimated th ...
In the Indian soil, where the tradition of Shramanism remained strong, any sect of Buddhism could not escape the influence of the renouncing and asceticism, the core of Shramanism. Nevertheless, since early Buddhism, Buddhism has not underestimated the religious performances of lay members.
Although there are various opinions on the origin of Mahayana Buddhism, the fact that it is closely related to the advent of 'Bodhisattva' is supported by almost all scholars. It was pointed out that there was little evidence in the literature, although the fact that the role of bodhisattva was emphasized in early Mahayana Buddhism started with home-based movement was quite supportive. Rather, it was confirmed that the more rigorous Buddhist practice was emphasized at the early stage of the reign of Mahayana Buddhism. However, Indian esoteric Buddhism seemed to be different from the existing tradition. This is different from the Buddhist tradition in which women are recognized and treated as equal members of male, It can not be said that the status of women practitioner was high, but it was always recognized as the subject of individual performance. This may be attributed to the Hindu influence of Buddhism, which might have contributed to popularization in India, but eventually it was an important factor for Buddhism to lose its character and to disappear. Indian esoteric Buddhism also has been developed as the monk centered, but sometimes it has been reverted to become a lay practitioner for being a Siddha due to the influence of Hinduism. The way of practice such a Yogini tandtra did not have limitation between renounce and household, So, boundary between them has become meaningless.
In Indian Buddhist history, renounce the world and laity are both sides of a coin. When renouncing peoples were increased, Sangha was strengthened, but the elite Buddhist culture was separated from the public. When Laity Buddhism became popular, there was a feeling that Buddhist features were fading due to popularization and influx of Hindu. But India and Korea are different from the soil of Buddhism. Now a days most of people perceive renouncing the world as a high barrier and the Buddhist order is regarded as another religious power. If instead of 'renouncing', 'practice' and 'effort' are strengthened, and 'communication' and 'co-prosperity' are opened, the practice can be settled as living Buddhism to modern people who regard renouncing as a high barrier and the Buddhist order as another religious power.