In this study, descriptive statistics of 'fluency factors (number of letters), 'accuracy factors (total number of letters-number of error letters/total number of letters' and 'total points of content, organization, and expression areas' were performed ...
In this study, descriptive statistics of 'fluency factors (number of letters), 'accuracy factors (total number of letters-number of error letters/total number of letters' and 'total points of content, organization, and expression areas' were performed. The average number in explanatory texts written by fourth graders was 441.28, 456.34 by fifth graders, 451.77 by sixth graders, 613.86 for fourth graders, 583.32 for fifth graders, and 578.22 for sixth graders. As a result of examining the trend of change through the number of letters, accuracy, and average quality of text for each session from grade 4~6, it can be seen that the increase in writing fluency factors is gradually decreasing. In addition, it was found that the higher the grade, the higher the total score and accuracy of writing quality.
Next, the concepts of 'writing ability (weighted sum) = writing fluency (45% of log characters) + writing quality (45% of total score) + writing accuracy (45% of log accuracy 10%)' were assumed after principal component analysis, which reduces writing quality variables, respectively. The average of the ability to write explanations and stories measured three times developed to 10.25>12.74>13.29 over three years, and the storyline developed to 13.12>15.25>17.14. As a result of the study, it can be seen that the ability of high-grade elementary school students to write explanations and stories continues to increase with the promotion of the grade.
In order to estimate the change in explanatory writing and narrative writing ability measured over a total of three times over three years, a non-change model, a linear model (1st function), and a nonlinear model (2nd function) were set to compare model suitability. According to the estimate of writing ability according to the linear change model, the initial value of explanatory writing ability was 10.252 and the rate of change was 1.646, which was statistically significant. This figure means that the average explanatory writing ability (initial value) in the fourth grade was 10.252, and since then, it has increased by 1.646 (rate of change) every semester.
Meanwhile, the intercept of the story writing ability was 13.111, and the slope was 2.037, p<.001. It was found to be statistically significant at the 001 level. This figure means that the average ability to write stories in the fourth grade of elementary school is 13.111, and since then, the number has increased by 2.037 every year as the grade goes up.
The results of the research so far are summarized as follows.
First, it was found that the writing ability of senior elementary school students gradually increased. Second, while the writing fluency factor increased significantly in the lower grades of elementary school, the increase in writing fluency factor decreased from the higher grades of elementary school. Third, it was not until the sixth grade of elementary school that the scores in the organizational area of the explanatory article, the background of the story article, and the event area increased. The ability to organize explanatory texts and construct the background and event of story texts are parts that can predict my high-dimensional writing skills, suggesting that it is a time when sixth graders in elementary school develop into proficient writers.
Through this study, data obtained through longitudinal studies on writing development of elementary school students are expected to greatly contribute to the expansion of writing development studies, such as writing development during all grades of elementary school and linking with secondary writing education. In addition, writing development research for senior elementary school students will contribute to evoking social interest and laying the foundation for institutional improvement in order to create a writing environment considering the development of senior elementary school writers inside and outside the school. This will lay the foundation for securing the writing ability required of senior writers at a certain level.