With the rapid popularization and technological progress of Internet, the number of Internet users is estimated more than 25 million in South Korea. It means Internet is become a popular medium which more than half of Korean population use for communi ...
With the rapid popularization and technological progress of Internet, the number of Internet users is estimated more than 25 million in South Korea. It means Internet is become a popular medium which more than half of Korean population use for communication in daily life: Korean people interact each other, discuss concerning their interests and access to mass communication services through Internet which produces cyber communication space. In other words, cyberspace is enlarging by this universal use of Internet.
The purpose of this study is to discuss on the possibilities of liberty and regulaions of cyberspace by the analysis of its characteristics and social impacts. Some recent researches show that cyberspace is a democratic and participant medium characterized by its interaction, anonymity, openness, horizontality, decentralization, globalization and alternative public sphere, etc. These characteristics are different from the established mass communication because cyberspace results from videotex(intergrated medium) made of television, computer and telephone whose symbol medium is Internet. It is a medium that plays a role of the established mass communication and influences on the functions of journalism; webcasting, online newspapers, web magazine, etc. However, it is also true that cyberspace has some negative effects: infringement upon copyright, violence of privacy, false propaganda, frame-up, smear words, libel, unrelievable source, digital divide, and so on. Therefore, it is necessary to regulate the cyberspace for the elimination of these negative effects, however, the regulation could hinder the development of Internet industry and the opportunities of freedom of expression on the cyberspace.
In this point of view, this study suggests six policy directions for realization of possibilities and potentialities of cyberspace as alternative media and public sphere as follows:
First, the criterion and norm of regulations for the negative effects or disquieting communication should be clearly defined. Second, the regulation should be minimized for the freedom of expression on the cyberspace. Third, any regulations of cyberspace should be analyzed through an international policy framework and treated in a technology neutral manner that accounts for other important societal interests such as privacy and protection of civil liberties. Fourth, the regulation policies of cyberspace should be based on the self-regulation. Fifth, there should be continued support for private sector leadership and the development of methods such as "cyber-ethics" curricula, appropriate technological tools. Sixth, the media education should be intensified for Internet users to prevent and minimize the risks of negative effects.
This paper can be referred to essential guide for the liberty and regulation of cyberspace and useful to analyse the social impacts and problems of cyberspace caused by its abuse, imprudent use and indecent contents. Finally, it will contribute to developing the cyberspace as an alternative medium and public sphere for cyberdemocracy.