Culture reorganization in 1950's was driven by two aspects. One, in the aspect of culture change, was sudden sociocultural changes caused by Korean War, the other, in the aspect of culture assimilation, included the effects of American culture and nat ...
Culture reorganization in 1950's was driven by two aspects. One, in the aspect of culture change, was sudden sociocultural changes caused by Korean War, the other, in the aspect of culture assimilation, included the effects of American culture and national modernization plans. Especially in the process of controling over civil society, national power which completed pacification through Korean War restricted the culture and tried to establish stable control system through it. In the center of culture control did censorship exist.
We had unified censorship system in 1950's whose center was the Ministry of Culture and Education. The censorship system played a contradictory role of controlling and developing the culture at a time. The nation distributed limited resources selectively, which had culture control maximized, causing a struggle for power. Thus, the area of the culture could be controled in some degrees without censorship by force contrary to that of politics. In 1950's, the primary object of censorship was to restrict ideologies. Strictly conducted censorship on the basis of anti-Communism and anti-Japanese banned any discourses except anti-Communism in a place for public opinion and overflew modern discourses such as liberty, democracy, and cultivation. Meeting people's modern desires, increasing modern discourses made new cultural atmosphere in the whole society. Balloon effect caused by 'closed opening' in discourses gave birth to prosperity of the post-political popular stories. In short, censorship played the role to divide and stand together official culture and popular culture. It was censorship that made the koran culture newly reorganized in 1950's.
In the 1950s, the platform system had been restored and fixed on a course of mutuality competition with literary contest in spring of the newspaper, the recommendation system of the literature papers and the reward literature of a general magazine at the same time. That's a result of choosing literacy as a strategic partner for the survival tactic. The common usage of platform system can be confirmed visibly in the drastic expansion of literary circles. Although the deadwood had been raised because the enormous number of products by new writers, it was regarded a cause of promoting the factional strife of literary circle sand making the poverty of literacy deepen. However, it had positive functions that improved the social position of Literature and fixed up an institutional and a physical basis for rebuilding the literary circles, which was dispersed and withered by the Korean War. Still, there is doubt about how much the institutionalization of the platform system contributes to the search for and the birth of new literature. However, the recommendation system acted on operating not to produce new literature or to suppress the possibility to be produced. According to this statement, it had an important role. The recommendation system had been used positively in the reorganization process of literary circles. Although the new writers who took the rostrum by the platform system had advocated a new generation of literature that is free from stagnation and suppression, it had just confirmed the reconciliation undoubtedly between new and old generations. The barrier that new writers had been faced with in the existing literary circles was stubbornness. It is this spot that contrasted with behavior of the new writers in 1960s who had achieved the shift in generations and the new mainstream of literature.