Abstract
A comparative study of management mechanisms of the bilateral relationship between the two Koreas and Taiwan Strait
- Analysis of Applicability of "Model of Relations of Cross Taiwan Strait" to the North-South Korean Relations
LEE, K ...
Abstract
A comparative study of management mechanisms of the bilateral relationship between the two Koreas and Taiwan Strait
- Analysis of Applicability of "Model of Relations of Cross Taiwan Strait" to the North-South Korean Relations
LEE, Kyu Tae
In the process of transforming into an exchange and cooperation framework from relations of both sides, which had been completely cut off during the Cold War, China and Taiwan have developed quite successfully the system of organization, the legal norm, and negotiation and communication mechanism. The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of mutual relations between China and Taiwan in the Taiwan Strait. It is defined as 'Cross-Taiwan Strait bilateral relation model', as one of the models to manage the divided national relations, focusing on mutual negotiation and communication mechanism to manage mutual division relation.
The necessity of this study can be summarized in four ways. First, 'Cross-Taiwan Strait bilateral relation model' is valuable as an example of the development of research theory for integration of divided nation ; Second, it is necessary for the comparative study of inter-Korean relations because relations between both sides have developed mechanisms to manage mutual exchange and cooperation successfully; Third, China's unification problem requires accurate understanding, because such problem closely affects Korea's foreign strategy; Finally, domestic studies of Cross-Taiwan Strait relations are relatively insufficient.
The main contents of this study are as follows. First, the study is analyzing how the both sides of Taiwan Straits develops an organizational system for mutual relationship management and negotiation communication. Second, the study analyzes how they developed negotiation and communication mechanism as a mutual relationship management mechanism in the process of change of relations between Taiwan and China, tracing its change process. Third, based on the results of the previous analysis, the study summarized and named it as 'Cross-Taiwan Strait bilateral relation model', which can be one of the models to manage the divided national relations with its negotiation communication management mechanism. As an integration model of divided nation, in this paper analyzed its characteristic in comparison with the integration theory too. Finally, the paper discusses whether such Cross-Taiwan Strait bilateral relationship model' and its negotiation communication management mechanism can be applied as a management mechanism of inter-Korean relations.
The analytical method of this study is analyzing the development process of mutual relationship management mechanism and negotiation communication mechanism between Taiwan Strait using historical analysis, literature analysis and case study, and taking the analysis system that model the result by inductive method. This is because any theoretical methods such as functionalism, neo- functionalism, communication theory, federalism, and even Constructivism or institutionalism etc. fail to present an objective and quantified theoretical analysis methodology that solves the problems of divided nations. It is possible to make a theory of 'Cross-Taiwan Strait relationship model' and a 'Cross-Taiwan Strait negotiation communication mechanism model', establish a research methodology or divisional relationship management paradigm, by analyzing the results of the characteristic integration process appearing in the Taiwan Strait.
Research data for this can be found through various internet networks except for theses and published research books. There is no major problem in collecting data for the preparation of the paper because Taiwan and China are fully disclosing the policy to the other or materials about Both sides relations.
The conclusions drawn from this study are as follows:
(1) The main feature of 'Cross-Taiwan Strait relationship model' and a 'Cross-Taiwan Strait negotiation communication mechanism model', are that despite the very serious political issues between the two sides, they successfully developed the mechanism for cooperating, negotiating and communicating with each other. For example, China's unification policy of 'one country, two systems(一國兩制)' and 'the 1992 Consensus(九二共識)' to adhere the one-China principle, and to oppose 'Taiwan independence(臺獨)', are a sort of political discourse to develop bilateral relations while avoiding the political issues of Chinese sovereignty. And negotiation mechanisms between two non-governmental organizations-The Straits Exchange Foundation(SEF, 海峡交流基金会) and The Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits (ARATS, 海峡两岸关系协会)- that generally called '两岸两会'(conference of two organizations cross-the Taiwan Strait)of the institutionalized cross-strait negotiation mechanism, minimized political conflicts and barriers between two sides of the Taiwan Strait.
(2) Like the inter-Korean relations, perfect governmental initiative and the federalist approach of 'exchange and cooperation after the establishment of the pre-emptive consultation' in the division relationship management have limit in mutual relational development as a reverse process of political factors in the process of managing the politically very weak division system. The inter-Korean relationship demonstrates it. Therefore, in comparison with the success of 'Cross-Taiwan Strait relationship model', the two Koreas should seriously consider mutual relationship management mechanism and the transition of the paradigm that manages it.
(3) The situation of division is very sensitive and political conflicts exist. Therefore, the political decision of political leaders and the opening and diversification of political economy system should be concurrently proceeded with for the establishment and development of mutual division management system. China's Deng Xiaoping(鄧小平) and the Taiwanese president Chiang Ching-kuo(蔣經國) played a crucial role in establishing a mechanism for negotiating and developing a paradigm for the stable development of Cross-Taiwan Strait relations by pursuing such political determination and reform and opening. Likewise, the pursuit of 'maintaining the status quo' and 'Taiwan independence claim' contrary to the trend of consolidation in current both sides relations is the problem of political system in the dictatorship of the Chinese Communist party, and the limit of the political power and the determination of the leader in the process of competition to lead integration. The phenomenon contradicts the 'diffusion(spill over) effect', which is the most important of the functionalist unification theory, which is increasingly arising.
In conclusion, the 'Cross-Taiwan Strait relationship model' and its negotiation communication mechanism still have various problems, and there is a limit to avoid the political issue between the two parties, which is the biggest contradiction of the division relationship. From the viewpoint of the mechanism based on this study, it has become clear that the organizational system and operating principles, the negotiation communication mechanism, and the exchange and cooperation performance based on it are comparatively successful cases. In particular, the relations of two(China and Taiwan) - as a 'Cross-Taiwan Strait relationship model', when compared with the inter-Korean relations, can be said to have proved successful achievement clearly and empirically as a mechanism of peaceful coexistence and integration in the division relationship. Therefore, the model of Cross-the Taiwan Strait on the negotiation and communication management mechanism is worthy of reference in various aspects for the restoration and development of mutual relationship management and negotiation communication mechanism of division of the two Koreas.
Key words:
Relations of Cross-Taiwan Strait, Inter-Korean Relations, divided nations, China, Taiwan, North Korea, South Korea, unification, integration, negotiation and communication mechanism