This study analyzed the characteristics of modern civilization, diagnosed problems, suggestd alternatives, and explored the structure of civilization to divide them into ideological domains, social systems, and science· technology domains. It consist ...
This study analyzed the characteristics of modern civilization, diagnosed problems, suggestd alternatives, and explored the structure of civilization to divide them into ideological domains, social systems, and science· technology domains. It consisted of two axes of diachronic approach and synchronic approach, At the same time, it used the multidisciplinary approach of integrating the humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences.
The main contents of this study are summarized as follows.
1. In order to establish a basic framework for research, we first conducted inquiries about civilization in genenal. It explained the complex triple structure of civilization and tried to reveal the characteristics and structure of modern civilization by discussing the two paradigms of universalism of western civilization and pluralism of civilizations, the impact of civilization and the three types of response strategies. Based on this, we discussed the comparison of Confucian civilization with Christian civilization paradigm, archetype paradigm as new civilization, and how history of civilization has reduced violence, as a basic work of new civilization.
2. We focused on two key areas of social system: politics and economy. In this field, we interpreted and analyzed the political and economic aspects of modern civilization, discussing neoliberalism, market order and democratic order, progressive liberalism, Confucian democracy and value pluralism, multi self and political processes of modern society. Based on this diagnosis, we discussed new paradigm of national administration centered on governance as a new paradigm, new economic paradigm emphasizing supply side, and individualism as paradigm of future civilization.
3. We explored society and culture in broad sense, including ideological issues. We discussed publicity and others, the sociology of civilization and water in the 21st century, civilization and historical understanding of the urban Renaissance, the sensationalism and violence of the digital age, and the relationship between Korean Wave and cultural globalization, and analyzed the social and cultural aspects of modern civilization. As an alternative, we examined the social dimension for the sustainability of life, the possibility of universal ethics, and the possibility of a new world literature in the era of globalization.
4. We was particularly interested in science and technology, which was the backbone of modern civilization. we examined the future of science and technology by discussing how to understand science and technology, science·technology civilization and scientific spirit, discussing the need for freely scientific inquiry and social control within a certain range. We discussed the aspect of the war that will develop in the future world in relation to science and technology and the effect it will have on human civilization.
In the final analysis, we came to the conclusion that the new paradigm of human civilization is an open civilization.
<Open civilization> can be defined as follows.
1) Open civilization regards all existing civilizations as local civilizations to be integrated into one universal civilization. The greatest challenge of modern civilization is reconciliation and communication between the global and the local. As civilizations converge, people can discover many commonalities and basic common values. Open civilization implies a dream of an ideal world where the whole of humanity peacefully integrates and flourishes.
2) Open civilization argues that the important problems faced by modern society should be approached from the universal viewpoint of human beings and a new standard of problem solving should be created. Respect for life, democracy, human rights, peace, justice, equality, freedom, dignity are values that can not but be universally accepted even if they are not enforced by any specific civilization. All kinds of ideological systems, such as religion, art, and philosophy which promote the exclusion and dogmatism of civilizations, including thoughts of the chosen people, must be fundamentally reviewed, reinterpreted, and reestablished.
3) Open civilization calls for a stronger international organization for controlling exclusive nationalism and for the development of international justice, the development and application of science and technology at the human level, and the efficient distribution of global resources. The current capitalist system fails to resolve the disparity between the rich and the poor among nations or within a nation. The problem of distributive justice is a problem that should be examined not only within a society but also across countries.