In this study, I explored the fengshui characteristics represented in the map by focusing on the "Map of 1872," which is a sort of the geographical representation of the traditional geography of Korea. This is the work of examining what are the major ...
In this study, I explored the fengshui characteristics represented in the map by focusing on the "Map of 1872," which is a sort of the geographical representation of the traditional geography of Korea. This is the work of examining what are the major fengshui elements and characteristics represented in the map of counties and provinces. For Fengshui is a traditional spatial recognition system of Korea, which had a normal status at that time in relation to the contextual situation in which ancient maps were made and used.
Maps usually occupy an important place in human spatial behaviors and decision makings. This is because it is a map that expresses various natural and human information in a space that humans can not catch at a glance so easily. However, there is a problem of 'representation' that should be concerned with the process of making and using this map. Representation is a process in which humans express and share the characteristics of various phenomena or phenomena related to their lives through various methods such as speech, writing, painting, photography and music. In this way, the map is a form of geographical representation that expresses various natural and human phenomena on the surface on a two-dimensional plane. It is also the reason why the map has been established as a major research subject and result of geography which has been interested in human spatial act or spatial phenomenon.
In the meantime, the study of the Korean old maps has been performed mainly in geography, in some fields such as history, architecture, and landscape architecture. In terms of time, we can confirm the rapid increase of the research from the aspect of quantitative aspect in the period of 2000s. In the aspect of contents, geography education, regional culture study, boundary of the Joseon period and territory recognition, East Sea and Dokdo related to the territory problem between Korea and Japan, China, and the study of Baekdusan area. The research subjects include not only domestic old maps but also overseas maps, and the horizon of research has been expanded from global level map in spatial scale to national map, local county and province map. However these studies are distinguished from the present study in that they were first applied to the global world map, the national map, or some specific military maps. This study is based on the spatial map of the 1872 area map ("Haedongjido, "Jiseung", "Gwangyeodo", "Haedongyeojido, "attached maps to 1871·1895 regional geographies. In contrast to the previous studies, this study is a micro-level interpretation which were conducted at a comprehensive level in search of a new geographical approach to the old maps. Because this study was also conducted in order to read the detailed characteristics of fengshui projected on the map of counties and provinces, it can be divided into more specific interpretation work.
In relation to the purpose of the research, the fengshui characteristics represented in the old maps are divided into three projects. and the shrine (guidance expression, location, and defense relationship) The type, location, etc.), and the relationship between the type classification and the meaning of the place. First, the main mountain related to the constitution of each village and province was examined. There were totally 335 counties(26 in Gangwon Province, 39 in Gyeonggi Province, 54 in Chungcheong Province, 71 in Gyeongsang Province, 56 in Cholla Province, 42 in Pyeongan Island, 24 in Hwanghae Province, 23 in Hamkyung Province). The main mountain of these province were analyzed focusing on the location and orientation of 300 provinces in relation to the township which were just center of such provinces. As a result, the position of Jinsan and Jusan in the provinces of the late Joseon Dynasty is overwhelmingly in the north of the east, west, south, north and absolute orientation, followed by east, west and south. In addition, when I looked at the distance from the village to Jinsan and Jusan, I found that there are about 150 cases within 10 li(里) , about 30 cases in 10~20 li(里) and more than 20 cases in 30 li(里). This means that Jinsan and Jusan is located near the township at the same time and that Jinsan and Jusan in the traditional mountain cognition system were functioning in the area of daily life as the actual and symbolic center axis of composition of the township.
Next, I summarized the bibo for the formation of the fengshui locations identified in the "1872 Regional Map”. The fengshui bibo can be classified according to the main methods such as forest, artificial mountain, Jeeon(reservoir), and Hyoungguk. Bibo through the forests are called 'Juk(bamboo)', 'Lim(forest)', 'Song(pine tree)', 'Jeon(field) and even 'San(mountain)' and 'Seong(castle)'. In some cases, there are artificial mountains and reservoirs. In Pyeongando-do area, it is also seen that the Jeeon(reservoir) was made, named in such as Sadok-tong and Eui-sa-tong. In addition, some of the Hyoungguk Bibo through fengshui was confirmed. In addition to the type classification of bibo according, it should be noted whrer such bibos are performed. In spite of the difference of the means, most of the various types of fengshui Bibo are located in the inner or near outer part of the exit of the village of the county. There are cases where the fengshui bibo is taken to the mountains of Jusan, Chungryong, and Baekho. Most of them have been done in the direction of the municipality and in the direction of Ansan. The type and location of fengshui Bibo also show a tendency to show a slight difference in regional level at the national level. In the south of the Korean Peninsula, mainly the water bibos through the forests are observed. Lastly I listed the name related to fengshui indicated on the map(1872 Regional Map) which is the object of this study, which were produced in the late Joseon Dynasty reflecting fengshui per person. In connection with this, I focused on the nominations of Jinsan, Jusan, and Josan, Chyoungryoung(blue dragon), Baekho(white tiger), Ansan. In particular, I think that Asan is just the naming of Namsan in many counties and provinces of the country which is related to the main mountain. In this regard, further research is expected in the future. The names related to the Bibo fengshui are the names related to the village forest. Finally I looked at the designation related to the Korean peninsula reflecting the unique situation of Korean fengshui which was widely shared up to the village community level.