In the Korean Studies department of University Paris Diderot, Korean literature is a mandatory subject with 2-credit for 2 hours in a week, as a continuous course during 2 semesters. To get students understand the text, flow contemplation and then exp ...
In the Korean Studies department of University Paris Diderot, Korean literature is a mandatory subject with 2-credit for 2 hours in a week, as a continuous course during 2 semesters. To get students understand the text, flow contemplation and then express their appreciation with critical thinking while making up for their linguistic lackness during 20 hours of 10 weeks in a semester, there should be an elaborate plan through the stage of a pre-reading activity, a text reading and a writing review after reading.
1. Pre-reading activity : Acquiring schema through flipped learning
Pre-reading activity is a schema forming activity for preparing relative background knowledge and making the general view of the text. Thereby the students may stereoscopically understand the context of script in cultural and social environment as overviewing the literature history before reading.
Also, professors let the students watch visual materials related to the text in advance. In literature class for foreign learners, visual material usually takes more proportion to provide them a multidirectional approach to the text and make results much more abundant as meta-text. This is where the learners strengthen the basics by themselves such as acquiring a cultural language and a form schema that literature has itself as a genre.
In particular, this study has noted the 5-week-long scenario part during the literature class.
In this part, the professor provides the script with the movie, which becomes a visual aids material before the class so that the students may read and watch them in advance. Following these, the students got to check special idioms, literature expressions and colloquial terms and to highlight terms which signifies meaning out of dictionary definition. Preparing role-playing for a certain range of script and understanding the social, cultural issues of the range as a team will be also activities included in this stage.
2. While Reading : Problem-based learning and discussion
This stage is face-to-face in class which is reading the script in detail based on prior-knowledge from the previous stage. Before the class starts, the professor checks students’ preparation with a simple test. Then, the professor let the students build stereoscopic images as providing visual aids as photos, graphs or videos which are related to important issues or culture of the period of the script and let them penetrate the author and era. Moreover, they get to brainstorm key factors on the base of the learned schema, and then perform role-playing for the assigned part of the script after understanding the structure of the script, personalities and relationships of the characters as a team activity. They need to understand all the reflected culture and society traits through related all kinds of expanded content such as tv series, pops, movies, comics etc.
The students present social and cultural issues that were addressed in the assigned part of the script as a team and exchange their opinions with other classmates. Thus, they finish up to share every part of the scripts.
The reason of departing them from reading the partial script, and making them understand the overall narrative structure, which is “Exposition - Conflict/Problem - Rising Action - Climax - Denouement”, of a whole script is; letting them develop their critical discernment while being exposed to relative Korean culture and discussing it after reading the entire script. Thereby, students get to arrange the narrative structure and are guided to draw out cognitive ability about the topic or genre of the script.
In class, edited visual aids may help learners to understand context as needed. In the meanwhile, the culture class may naturally be carried on as the students extract keywords utilizing the cultural and social issues and their schema that they'd acquired from the assigned part of the script earlier and generally discuss together.
They also get to achieve a complete understanding of implied meaning between lines which underlies in literature text on the basis of sociocultural context and acquire idiomatic meaning of the vocabulary.
3. Post-reading : expression of appreciation and criticism
This is the wrap-up stage where the students may transform their performance into academic progress as analyzing and criticizing after understanding the script had been read earlier.
They express their appreciation of literary works with co-writing and individual writing as simultaneously checking up what they read.
First of all, in co-writing, the students share their opinions with each other via interaction activities such as inferring author’s attitude and story, reading the keywords and inferring the story, reading and understanding the script, understanding the implied meaning or speaker intention. They complement their own opinion with the activities above, and then write a paragraph about the range of script where they are individually assigned.
On the basis of these, they have a chance to write a review or critique with understanding the features of genre and the structure that are found in the text and utilizing the expressions and discourse markers that were needed according to the genre. This focuses on self-development of long text writing ability through short-writing.
Even the advanced level learners may feel overwhelmed when it comes to the writing. Therefore, it should be preceded by the simple acquirement of text structure and
specialized vocabulary of the genre before writing for easier sentence creation. To write a review, the students get to practice writing on the genre approach as the professor provides extracted vocabulary of the genre and guides them to acquire through analyzing the distinctive text structure according to the genre. That is, it actually utilizes ‘process-oriented writing’ strategy which facilitates the creation of proper sentences via entire text structure learning and key marker analyzing learning.
The students may develop their individual writing which adds their opinions while integration of key factors of each part of the script that were arranged through co-writing.